PVDF membrane bioreactors are becoming a popular technology for wastewater remediation. These systems utilize PVDF membranes to robustly remove nutrient contaminants from wastewater. Numerous factors influence the efficiency of PVDF membrane bioreactors, comprising transmembrane pressure, system conditions, and material characteristics. Researchers
Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors (HFMBRs) are sophisticated systems widely employed in chemical processes. Their exceptional design, characterized by densely packed of hollow fibers serving as both a reaction medium and a substrate for microbial growth, promotes high-performance biotransformation. HFMBRs provide several benefits, including {enhanc
The efficiency of Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors in treating municipal wastewater has been a subject of extensive investigation. These membrane systems offer distinct strengths such as high elimination rates for pollutants, compact footprint, and the potential to produce reusable water. This article examines recent developments